How to Choose the Right Diesel Fuel Level Sensor ?

Choosing the right diesel fuel level sensor can be crucial for your business. The diesel fuel level sensor is used on various diesel tanks to detect the diesel level and then display the liquid level. It can also be converted into 4-20mA or switch signal. Used to monitor and control other instruments. There are so many choices in the market, ultrasonic level sensor, radar level meter, etc. Which is the most suitable?

How to Choose the Right Diesel Fuel Level Sensor

Step 1. Get to know your tank

To choose a suitable Diesel Fuel Level Sensor, you must first understand the conditions of the tank.

How can we understand your tank? Simply put, a list can be compiled.

  1. Tank size (preferably with a sketch of the tank)
  2. The installation position of the tank. For example, it is a buried tank, an underground tank, or a vehicle-mounted tank.
  3. Tank material
  4. Density of Diesel Oil
  5. Temperature and pressure
  6. Installation position and installation dimensions of Diesel Fuel Level Sensor

With the above conditions, Sino-Inst, as the supplier of Diesel Fuel Level Sensor, can know the condition of the tank.

Read more about: Ultrasonic Tank Level Sensors for Tank Level Monitoring

Step 2. Diesel Fuel Level Sensor Types

Diesel fuel level sensors are devices used to measure the level of diesel fuel in a tank.

There are several types of diesel fuel level sensors, including:

Capacitive smart liquid level gauge is a liquid level (level) transmitter that can be used for liquid, oil, solid, interface and measurement.

Capacitance fuel level sensors have no moving parts, which greatly improves reliability. It is not affected by water vapor, dust or condensation, and has the advantages of stable and reliable long-term operation, high sensitivity, good linearity, high temperature resistance, and high pressure resistance.

Capacitance fuel level sensors are two-wire (loop powered) 4~20mADC measurement signals, easy to adjust, wireless transmission, 485 transmission, etc. It can be widely used in various fields such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, papermaking, and pharmaceuticals.

Know more about: Capacitive level sensor working principle

Float level sensor uses magnetic float as the measuring element. Through magnetic coupling, the internal resistance of the sensor changes linearly. The smart converter converts the resistance change into a 4-20mA standard current signal. It can display the percentage of liquid level, the current of 4 ~ 20mA and the value of liquid level.

Remote transmission control room can realize automatic detection, control and recording of liquid level. This instrument is suitable for petroleum, chemical, power, light industry and pharmaceutical industries, such as sewage treatment and medium level measurement in various atmospheric and pressure vessels, especially for underground tanks and tanks.

To choose: Featured Float Level Sensors & Switches

Ultrasonic fuel level sensors are non-contact liquid level measuring instruments that are easy to install and maintain. Used to measure flammable and explosive liquids such as diesel oil and crude oil. Or for measuring the height of liquids in explosion-proof environments. It is widely used in explosion-proof environments such as oil exploration, oil refining, chemical industry, and medicine.

More About: Application 2: Tank Level Monitoring In The Oil And Gas Industry

Radar fuel Level Sensors is also a non-contact continuous measurement liquid level sensor.

Radar level transmitters use radar technology to perform non-contact continuous level measurement. The radar level indicator converts the level into an electrical signal.

The level signal output can then be utilized by other instrumentation to monitor or control. Liquids and solids are commonly measured with this measuring technique. Like: Fly ash silo.

Radar level sensors are divided into: Pulsed radar technology and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar level sensors.

Sino-Inst produces 120GHz FMCW radar level sensor, 26GHz radar level meter, 6GHz level meter.

Featured Radar Level Transmitters

Stainless Steel Level Sensor-Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter (gas pressure type. ) . The sensor part and the signal processing circuit are inside the junction box. It is used for high temperature, corrosive liquid, sewage, diesel oil, etc.

The gas in the gas collecting cylinder is injected into the liquid Contact with the medium. The pressure is transmitted to the sensor through the air pipe. The direct contact between the sensor and the measured medium is avoided.

Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter’s Diesel Tank Level Measurement.

Magnetostrictive Level Transmitters are used for continuous measurement of liquid level and interface. Magnetostrictive level measurement is currently the best liquid level measurement and control technology.

Sino-Inst’s Magnetostrictive Level Transmitters can provide two independent outputs: interface; overall level. It can be applied when the difference in specific gravity drops to 0.02. Magnetostrictive Level Sensors Commonly used for the measurement of the oil-water interface. And others include acid tanks, propane containers, desalter and sewage tanks. 

Step 3. Measurement Needs

OK. Next, we can sort out our needs, and then match the appropriate Diesel Fuel Level Sensor.

Low Cost

If you are looking to get the right Diesel Fuel Level Sensor at low cost. Then you can choose one from Float Level Sensors and Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter.

Small tanks, such as 2 meters or 3 meters high. Float Level Sensors can be used.
Large tanks, such as 15 meters, 20 meters. You can use the Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter.

High Accuracy

If you need the highest measurement accuracy. Then Radar Level Transmitters is a good choice. The 80GHz Radar Level Meter has an accuracy of up to ±1mm.

  • Maximum measuring range of 120m and a minimum blind zone of 8cm;
  • 3°antenna beam angle;
  • Suitable for small water tanks or small process accessories in narrow spaces.
  • Good signal focusing ability can be used for containers with many internal installations.
  • Measurement accuracy:±1mm

high temperature and high pressure

High temperature and pressure

If you want to measure under high temperature or high pressure conditions. For example, 200 degrees Celsius. Or 10MPa.

Then you can choose the appropriate one from Capacitive level sensor, Radar level meter, and Magnetostrictive level transmitter.

contact measurement

If you specified that contact measurement is optional. Then you can choose from Float Level Sensors, Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter, Magnetostrictive Level transmitter, capacitive level sensor, etc.

non-contact measurement

If you specify non-contact measurement. Then you can choose the explosion-proof ultrasonic level meter. Or radar level meter.

Output switching value

If you need to measure the diesel oil level, then output the switch signal for the switch of the pump or other components.

Then you can choose the float level switch. Or configure secondary instruments for ordinary liquid level meters, Output switching value.

The tank cannot be opened

If the tank cannot be opened. Then you can choose an externally attached ultrasonic level sensor.

The sensor can be directly attached to the bottom of the tank. easy installation.

Large range

If the tank is larger. The height exceeds 15 meters. Then it is recommended to choose the radar level meter. Or Stainless Steel Level Sensor-Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter.

oil-water interfac

If your tank is mixed with oil and water, it is the oil-water interface that needs to be monitored. Then you can choose: capacitive liquid level sensor or magnetostrictive liquid level transmitter.

Oil-water Interface Level Measurement Guide

Tank volume monitoring

Most of our liquid level sensors can output liquid level signals, such as 4-20mA signal, 0-10V signal, RS485 and so on.

However, the liquid level transmitter alone cannot calculate the liquid volume of tanks of different sizes. It’s too complicated. A separate recorder is required to calculate it.

Combined with Sino-Inst’s volume recorder. It can collect, display and convert the liquid level of various regular and irregular tanks in the industrial field into the corresponding tank volume. It is suitable for monitoring, controlling and collecting various process parameters.

Monitoring liquid volume solutions.

We simply enumerate our common measurement needs here, based on our experience.
If you have other measurement needs, you can contact our engineers for consultation.

Featured Diesel Fuel Level Sensors

Read more about: Factors To Consider When Selecting A Capacitive Level Sensor

More Tank Level Measurement Solutions

Choosing the right diesel fuel level sensor is critical for the smooth operation and maintenance of your diesel-powered machinery or vehicle.

By considering factors such as compatibility, accuracy, type of sensor, material, and brand, you can ensure that you select the most suitable diesel fuel level sensor for your specific needs.

If you don’t know which Diesel Fuel Level Sensor you should choose. Then you can contact our sales engineers.

Request a Quote

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Submersible Level Transducer – First Choice for Water Level

What is a submersible level transducer?

Submersible Level Transducer is a type of transmitter that can directly measure the liquid level by putting the sensor into the tank, water or oil.

Submersible Level Transducer can also be called “static pressure level transmtter, liquid level transmitter, liquid level sensor, water level sensor”

Featured Submersible Level Transducers

SI-151 Hydrostatic Level Sensor
Hydrostatic Level Sensor (Best Price), also called Hydrostatic level transmitter. Continuous level measurement in liquid applications with pressure sensors.
SI-10 Liquid pressure sensor
Liquid pressure sensor is widely used for pressure measurement of various liquids. Like water or oils. IP68 waterproof.
SI-PCM261 Submersible Pressure Transducer
Submersible pressure transducer with 4-20mA output,
is normal submersible pressure transmitter for level measurement.
SMT3151TR Submersible Level Transmitter
Hydrostatic level transmitter is also called hydrostatic level gauge. The rod-type Hydrostatic level transmitter 4-20mADC standard signal output. Flange or threaded installation. Can withstand high temperatures up to 450 ℃.
Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter
Stainless Steel Level Sensor-Pressure Guided Submersible Level Transmitter. The sensor part and the signal processing circuit are inside the junction box. It is used for high temperature, corrosive liquid, oil, oil tank, sewage, etc. 
SI-302 Anti-corrosive Submersible Level Transmitter
Submersible Level Transmitter is made of Anti-corrosive all-tetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) material. It has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and anti-clogging.
SI-PCM260 Deep Well Water Level Sensor
Well water level sensor is to apply Hydrostatic Level Sensor to deep well. Well water level sensor submerged in deep well work together with submersible water pump. Range 300m ~ 1000m.
Wireless Level Sensor – LoRa The Wireless Level Sensor upgrades the LoRa wireless transmission function based on the Hydrostatic Level transmitter. Measure water or oil level. 

Learn More About Submersible Level Transducer

Submersible level Transducers are based on the principle that the measured static pressure of a liquid is proportional to the height of the liquid. Use the piezoresistive effect of diffused silicon or ceramic sensitive elements to convert static pressure into electrical signals.

The basic working principle of the submersible level Transducer is hydrostatic level measurement.

In the liquid medium, the pressure generated at a certain depth is generated by the weight of the medium above the measurement point. It is proportional to the density of the medium and the local gravitational acceleration.

The proportional relationship between them is reflected by the formula P=ρgh.
Where P=pressure, ρ=medium density, g=gravitational acceleration, h=depth of measuring point.

Therefore, the physical quantity measured by the input level Transducer is actually pressure. It can be known from the calibration unit mH2O of the submersible level Transducer.

The actual liquid level must be obtained through conversion after knowing the two parameters of density and acceleration of gravity. After temperature compensation and linear correction, it is converted into a 4-20mADC standard current signal output.

Such conversion is usually performed by secondary instruments or PLC in the industrial field.

Water level transducers are also called Water Level Sensors, or water level transmitters. Water level transducers are used to monitor water usage and quality. The water level signal is output through 4-20mA and other signals, which is convenient for people to monitor the water level.

There are many types of water level transducers. Common ones are input type, ultrasonic, radar and so on.

Sino-Inst offer a wide range of solutions with various pressure ranges, cable lengths and output options.

For remote monitoring and recording of water level data in groundwater pumping and sludge testing, stormwater flood analysis and runoff, and surface water irrigation canals, streams and river measurements.

If you need non-contact measurements. Then you can choose to use ultrasonic level meter. Ultrasonic technology is not only used to measure level, but also can be used to measure depth.

Submersible Level Transducers are widely used in water level measurement. Including fire pools, water supply tanks, wastewater treatment, deep wells, etc. Especially deep wells.

Mainly because of the following advantages of Submersible Level Transducers:

  1. Low cost. Submersible Level Transducers are relatively the lowest cost liquid level meter;
  2. High precision and long-term stability. Because of the use of ceramic capacitors and diffused silicon measurement units;
  3. It is extremely convenient to install and use. Submersible Level Transducers are directly put into the measured liquid, and the sensor part can be fixed by flange or bracket;
  4. Long service life. High-precision measurement can be performed from water, oil to paste with high viscosity. It is not affected by the foaming, deposition and electrical characteristics of the measured medium. Wide range of temperature compensation.
  5. It can meet various working conditions. Can change the material, measure sewage, corrosive liquid. Can meet IP68. Can meet explosion-proof etc.

If you cannot find an answer to your question in our Submersible Level Transducer, you can always contact us and we will be with you shortly.

More Featured Water Level Measurement Solutions

Read more about: Common River Water Level Measurement Methods

Frequently
Asked
Questions

A submersible water level sensor works by measuring the pressure of the water column above it. The sensor is placed inside a water tank or well and connected to a data logger or monitoring device. As the water level changes, the pressure at the sensor changes, allowing it to accurately measure the height of the water column. This information is then transmitted to a monitoring device which can display the water level in real-time.

The best sensor for measuring water level will depend on the specific application and the environment in which it will be used. For example, submersible pressure sensors are ideal for measuring the water level in a tank or well, while ultrasonic sensors are better suited for surface water level applications. It’s important to consider factors such as accuracy, reliability, and cost when choosing the right water level sensor for your needs.

A hydrostatic water level sensor works by measuring the pressure of a fluid column, typically water, relative to atmospheric pressure. The sensor is placed inside a tank or well and connected to a monitoring device. As the water level changes, the pressure at the sensor changes, allowing it to accurately measure the height of the water column. The monitoring device then displays the water level in real-time.

There are several types of sensors that can be used to measure water level in a tank, including submersible pressure sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and float sensors. Each type of sensor has its own unique advantages and disadvantages, so it’s important to consider the specific needs of your application when choosing the right sensor. For example, submersible pressure sensors are often the preferred choice for measuring water level in a tank because of their accuracy and reliability.

Read more about: Ultrasonic Tank Level Sensors for Tank Level Monitoring

The Submersible Level Transducer is based on the principle that the measured static pressure of a liquid is proportional to the height of that liquid. It is made of advanced isolated diffused silicon sensitive element or ceramic capacitive pressure sensitive sensor. Convert static pressure to electrical signal. After temperature compensation and linear correction. A pressure sensor for measuring liquid level that is converted into a standard electrical signal (generally 4-20mA/1-5VDC).

Submersible Level Transducer selects high-quality diffused silicon quartz thin-film sensor as the measuring element. Using a stainless steel housing, the top of the sensor diaphragm is protected with a through-hole stainless steel cap. And make the liquid contact the diaphragm smoothly. The measured liquid level is not affected by changes in the external atmospheric pressure. Accurate measurement and good long-term stability. It can be directly put into water, oil and other liquids for long-term use.

Submersible Level Transducer is widely used in water level measurement. It can also measure corrosive liquids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, or chemical and electroplating wastewater.

If you need to purchase Submersible Level Transducer, or have any questions about the technology, use and installation of Submersible Level Transducer, please feel free to contact our engineers.

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Shop Radar Level Sensors for Solids: 5 Must-Know Factors

Choosing the Right Radar Level Sensors for Solids Materials.

When it comes to measuring the level of solid materials, there are many options available. But radar level sensors have become one of the most popular choices. This is due to their accuracy, reliability, and ability to measure the level of materials in various storage containers, including tanks and silos. However, with so many different radar level sensors on the market, it can be challenging to choose the right one for your specific needs. In this blog, we’ll explore the key factors to consider when selecting a radar level sensor for solid materials.

This is based on our many years of experience in level measurement. Hope this helps.

1. Operating Frequency

Radar level sensors use radio waves to measure the level of solid materials. And the frequency of these radio waves determines the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

There are two main types of radar level sensors – pulse radar and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. Pulse radar operates at a higher frequency and provides more accurate measurements, but it is also more expensive. FMCW radar operates at a lower frequency and is less expensive, but it is less accurate.

When choosing a radar level sensor, consider the level of accuracy required for your application, as well as your budget.

Our most common ones are 6GHz-26GHz-80GHz-120GHz. You can refer to more 26GHz-80GHz-120GHz radar level meter parameter comparison. List of Radar Level Sensors

2. Material Properties

The properties of the solid material you are measuring will also impact your choice of radar level sensor.

The dielectric constant of the medium is also easy to be ignored, and attention should be paid to the medium with a small dielectric constant.

The problem of antenna hanging can not be ignored. Due to the strong adhesion of steam belt material and most mud, the radar level gauge will encounter the problem of antenna hanging.

The coating has no effect on the medium with small dielectric constant, but it will affect the medium with large dielectric constant. Influence of Dielectric Constant on Radar Level Meter

Introducing high-pressure wind to blow the antenna near the antenna can prevent material hanging. Some devices can be optionally equipped with a dust cover. At normal temperature, just cover the antenna with plastic film and clean the hanging material regularly.

Also, if the material is very dense or has a high moisture content. It can affect the accuracy of the measurement. If the material is very abrasive, it can wear down the sensor over time.

Consider the properties of the material you are measuring when choosing a radar level sensor.

3. Environment

The environment in which the radar level sensor will be installed can also impact its performance.

For example, if the sensor will be installed in an area with a lot of dust or steam. This can affect the accuracy of the measurement.

If the sensor will be installed in an area with high temperatures. Make sure the sensor is designed to operate in these conditions. Consider the environment in which the sensor will be installed when choosing a radar level sensor.

4. Storage Containers

The type of storage container in which the solid material is stored will also impact your choice of radar level sensor.

For example, if the container is very large, a long-range radar level sensor may be required. If the container is very tall, a high-level radar level sensor may be required.

Consider the size and shape of the storage container when choosing a radar level sensor.

The first is the range problem. When choosing a radar, there is often a misunderstanding, that is, the selected range should only be greater than the height of the tank. In fact, the range marked on the radar may be its maximum range.

The type selection also depends on the characteristics of the container. For example, whether the surface of the storage tank is smooth or corrugated, or even stirred.

The actual level that can be measured by the same radar level gauge is very different in different situations. For example, a certain liquid level gauge has a range of 30m. It is only a smooth surface liquid that can be measured to 30m. Once it is used in a non-stirred and rippled On the buffer tank, the result is different. When using it to measure the material level of more than ten meters of stirring, the low material level is often not measured. This is actually because the selection range is not enough. After increasing the range, the problem is solved.

5. Safety Considerations

Finally, safety considerations must also be taken into account when choosing a radar level sensor.

For example, if the material being measured is flammable, make sure the sensor is designed for use in hazardous areas.

If the material is toxic, make sure the sensor is designed to prevent contamination. Consider the safety requirements for your application when choosing a radar level sensor.

Selection of Radar Level Sensors under special working conditions

For example, in open pools, water tanks, and natural water. The working conditions are not complicated. There are no disturbance sources such as agitation, bubbling, steam, and vacuuming. The liquid level is relatively stable. Generally, a radar level gauge with a high cost performance is used.

It is recommended to use a radar level gauge with a rod antenna. The radar is small in size and easy to install, with a range of 10m or 30m. The communication interface can be HART or MODBUS, which is convenient for long-distance signal transmission.

The guided wave radar level gauge is used in the application of sealed small tanks. High measurement accuracy and fast response. To monitor rapidly changing liquid levels.

Installation should pay attention to avoid close to the warehouse wall and obstacles.

If there are stirring blades inside, it is recommended to use a bypass pipe for installation.

For the working conditions with severe liquid level fluctuation, it is recommended to use coaxial guided wave radar level gauge.

For liquids with high viscosity, guided wave radar level gauge is not recommended. It is recommended to use a non-contact high-frequency radar level gauge with purge.

The flange and waveguide rod or waveguide cable of the guided wave radar level gauge are generally made of SS316L material. Suitable for common corrosive liquids. PTFE material can be used when encountering strong corrosive liquids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

The standard flange of the radar level gauge is made of SS304. 316L can be used for common corrosive liquids. When encountering strong corrosive liquids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, PTFE can be used. As for the material of the antenna, a PTFE rod antenna or a full PTFE sealed convex lens antenna is generally used.

Level measurement in liquids containing foam. The type selection needs to be selected according to the size and density of the foam and the thickness of the foam layer:

In general, the higher the foam density, the thicker the foam layer. The radar wave emitted by the radar level gauge is less likely to penetrate the foam layer. Most of the transmitted waves and reflected waves are lost during the penetration process, resulting in extremely weak echoes reaching the real liquid level surface. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a high-energy high-frequency radar. And a convex lens antenna with strong focusing ability to make up for the energy loss in the penetration process.

Of course, if the foam layer is particularly thick, even high-frequency radar level gauges are difficult to penetrate. Therefore, if the radar level gauge is used to penetrate the foam to measure the liquid level, it is suitable for the working conditions of large foam and thin foam layer. If it is used to measure the liquid level on the surface of the foam without penetrating, you can choose a conventional radar level gauge or a guided wave radar level gauge.

For working conditions that require measuring the interface between foam and liquid, it is generally recommended to use a guided wave radar level gauge. The premise of selection is that the dielectric constant of the upper layer of foam needs to be much lower than that of the lower layer of liquid. It is recommended that the difference is more than 10, and the thickness of the foam layer must be <100mm.

In the steam environment, it has a great influence on the guided wave radar level gauge. Especially the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure will cause the propagation speed of the radar wave transmitted along the probe rod to slow down during the measurement process of the guided wave radar level gauge. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a guided wave radar level gauge with steam compensation.

The guided wave radar level gauge has a maximum temperature resistance of +450°C and a pressure resistance of 160bar. For the selection of radar level gauges, the frequency of high frequency radar level gauges is higher. The stronger the penetration, the energy loss in the process of penetrating steam is relatively small.

At the same time, the convex lens antenna is used to resist the interference of steam condensation on the antenna, and the performance is more stable and reliable.

In the high temperature working condition, there is a working condition with thick dust interference. It is recommended to use high frequency 120GHz, continuous frequency modulation wave FMCW, convex lens antenna radar level gauge.

For high temperature conditions, it is recommended to use a high temperature isolation device. With nitrogen cooling interface, the maximum temperature resistance is 1200°C. Moreover, the radar level gauge is completely isolated from the inside of the tank, making inspection and maintenance safer.

If you cannot find an answer to your question in Selection of Radar Level Sensors for Solids, you can always contact us and we will be with you shortly.

Featured Radar Level Meters

Frequently
Asked
Questions

A level sensor for solid materials is a handy device designed to measure the amount or height of solid materials, such as grains, powders, or pellets, within a storage container or bin. These sensors help manage inventory levels, prevent overfilling, and ensure the smooth functioning of various industrial processes.

To measure the level of solids, you can use a variety of devices, such as ultrasonic, radar, capacitive, and vibrating rod level sensors. Each type of sensor has its own advantages and is best suited for specific applications or materials, so choosing the right one for your needs is essential.

Measuring solid levels involves using a level sensor that sends out a signal, such as sound or radio waves, and then receives the reflected signal back. By calculating the time it takes for the signal to return, the sensor can determine the distance between itself and the solid material’s surface. Different types of level sensors may use different methods to achieve this, but the underlying concept remains the same.

The choice of sensor for controlling the level of solids in a bin depends on factors such as the type of solid material, the size and shape of the bin, and the desired level of accuracy. Common choices include ultrasonic, radar, capacitive, and vibrating rod level sensors. Each sensor has its own benefits and limitations, so it’s important to select the one that best fits your specific application and requirements.

Extended Reading: Case: High Temperature Radar Level Transmitter for Melted Salt-Solar Photovoltaic Power Station

Conclusion

Usually level measurement media include water, slurry and powdery materials. The environment has a good static liquid level as well as a liquid level where a lot of vapor builds up. There are materials with severe dust and more steam environment. There is also pressure. There are also open ones. In short, all kinds of complications abound. So if you want to make good use of the radar level gauge and maximize its value, you must pay attention to these issues.

Choosing the right radar level sensor for solid materials requires consideration of several key factors. Including operating frequency, material properties, environment, storage container, and safety considerations. By taking these factors into account, you can choose a specific me radar level sensor that you needs and provides accurate and reliable measurements.

More Radar Level Measurement Solutions

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Can Flow Meters Be Installed Vertically? Vertical Flow Meters

Vertical Flow Meters refers to a type of flow meter installed in vertical pipes. Can Flow Meters Be Installed Vertically? We all take this into consideration when installing flow meters. In fact, most flow meters can be installed vertically. However, certain measurement conditions also need to be met. Next, let’s analyze together.

Electromagnetic flowmeter is the most widely used type of flowmeter. Can the electromagnetic flowmeter be installed vertically?

vertical installation of magnetic flow meter

Electromagnetic flowmeters can be installed horizontally or vertically. However, vertical installation needs to pay attention to the following aspects, whether it is installed at the water inlet or the water outlet.

Standard installed in the middle of the vertical position where the water flows upwards. This installation complies with gravity.
If it is installed downstream, it will not be a full pipe, and the water flow from bottom to top is always full. This facilitates accurate measurement of the flow meter.
The straight pipe section is required to be 10D in front and 5D in back to ensure the use and accuracy requirements of the electromagnetic flowmeter.

Electromagnetic flowmeter vertical installation requirements:

  1. Installed at the inlet of the pipeline (that is, upstream), so that the pipeline is always full.
  2. The electromagnetic flowmeter should be installed in the lower part of the horizontal pipeline, vertically upward. Avoid installing at high places and vertically downward positions in the pipeline.
  3. Requirements for straight pipe section: inlet/outlet straight pipe section: inlet ≥ 10×DN; water outlet ≥ 5×DN
  4. In order to facilitate the detection of the flowmeter, a bypass channel is set in the measuring pipeline.
  5. Grounding point requirements: In order to make the instrument work reliably, improve the measurement accuracy, and not be disturbed by strong external electromagnetic fields, the sensor should be well grounded, and the grounding resistance should be less than 10 ohms.

Precautions when choosing the installation location of the electromagnetic flowmeter:

  1. Try to avoid ferrous objects and equipment with strong electromagnetic fields (such as large transmitters and generators).
  2. The flow meter should be installed at the rear of the pump, never on the suction side, and the valve should be installed on the downstream side of the flow meter.
  3. It should be installed in a dry and ventilated place as much as possible to avoid sun and rain. Avoid ambient temperatures above 60°C and relative humidity above 95%.
  4. Choose a place with convenient installation and maintenance and convenient activities.

Featured Vertical Flow Meters

In addition to electromagnetic flowmeters, other flowmeters will also have the same installation questions.

Read more about: Different Types of Flowmeters – Technical and Application Analysis

Can ultrasonic flow meters be installed vertically?

Ultrasonic flowmeters can be installed vertically.
However, there are conditions. If the pipeline is vertical, then the vertical installation of the ultrasonic flowmeter requires the liquid flow to be bottom-up. It is also best to ensure that the pipeline is full during the measurement period. Otherwise, the error is quite large.
Do not install vertically if the liquid flow is from top to bottom.

Can the turbine flowmeter be installed vertically?

The turbine flowmeter has many good functions, and it can have different application characteristics in different environments. Today we will talk about can the turbine flowmeter be installed vertically?

First of all, what we need to know is that it is very important to choose a suitable installation location to ensure the good use of the turbine flowmeter. In general, vertical installation and horizontal installation are both possible.

However, vertical installation needs to ensure that the turbine flowmeter is installed just above the direction of the liquid and in the direction of the liquid.

Second, debugging is required after installation. In this way, various problems that may arise during use can be avoided. The service life of the flowmeter is extended. And there is no need to worry about machine failure.

Can the vortex flowmeter be installed vertically?

The fluid flows from top to bottom, and the vortex flowmeter can be installed vertically. Just make sure there are no air bubbles in the tubing.

But one thing to remember is to make it clear with the supplier in advance when purchasing, so as not to affect its use in time. Although the vortex flowmeter can be installed vertically, you must pay attention to the installation direction of the flowmeter during installation, and it cannot be reversed.

When the medium measured by the vortex flowmeter is different, its installation direction is also different. For example, when measuring liquid flow, the installation direction needs to be from bottom to top. When measuring gas flow, the installation direction needs to be installed from top to bottom.

Can the orifice flowmeter be installed vertically?

When the orifice flowmeter is installed vertically, attention should be paid to the flow direction of the gas. Gas flows from bottom to top, which is also an important consideration for vertical installation of orifice flowmeters. Of course, it is also possible to flow from top to bottom.

In theory, when measuring gas flow, the orifice flowmeter is installed horizontally. The installation position of the flow sensor should be selected at a high place in the pipeline. to make sure the tube is full. It is not recommended to install in the low part of the pipeline. Because liquid will accumulate at the bottom of the pipe, the measurement will be inaccurate.

Can the mass flow meter be installed vertically?

Mass flow meters can be installed on horizontal or vertical pipes. The mounting orientation depends on the application.

Mass flowmeters with some geometries (except for straight tubes) will accumulate some solid or gaseous matter in a certain installation orientation.

If it must be installed vertically and the fluid flows from top to bottom. Measures must be taken to ensure that gas cannot enter the sensor from the sensor inlet pipe.

More About Flow Meter Installation and Calibration

Sino-Inst offers over 50 flow meter for flow measurement. About 20% of these are magnetic flow meters, 20% of these are turbine flow meters, 20% of these are vortex flow meters. And 40% are Ultrasonic flow meter and mass flow meter.

A wide variety of flow meters options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Instrument is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of flow measurement instrumentation, located in China.

If you need to purchase a flowmeter, or you have doubts about the installation location of the flowmeter. You can contact our engineers to provide technical support.

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What Is Radar Level Transmitter Frequency Range? What Is the Effect?

What is radar level transmitter frequency range? When purchasing radar level gauges, users often encounter different specifications and models. The most common are different measurement frequencies. Such as 8GMHz, 26GMHz, 80GMHz, 120GMHz, etc. All are radar gauges, why are the frequencies so different? What are the advantages and disadvantages of different frequency products? I hope that through the introduction of this article, you can choose a radar level gauge product suitable for measuring working conditions when purchasing a radar level gauge.

classification of radar level transmitter frequency range

The radar level Transmitter is a measuring instrument based on electromagnetic wave emission and reflection reception to judge the level of material. According to the type of transmitted signal, it is divided into two categories: pulse radar and frequency modulation continuous wave radar.

Pulse radar is measured based on time domain reflectometry (TDR). That is, the radar antenna emits high-frequency pulse electromagnetic waves, which propagate at the speed of light.

When encountering the surface of the measured medium, part of the pulse of the radar level Transmitter is reflected to form an echo back To the pulse emission device. The distance between the emission device and the surface of the measured medium is proportional to the propagation time of the pulse. The height of the liquid level is obtained by calculation.

Frequency modulation continuous wave radar is based on the frequency difference of frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW). That is, the radar uses synchronous frequency modulation technology. The transmitter and receiver are installed on the top.

The transmitter emits a microwave signal whose frequency has been linearly modulated to the liquid surface. When the microwave When the signal propagates down to the liquid surface and is reflected back to the receiver. Due to the time delay, the frequency of the transmitted signal changes. The distance passed by the radar wave is calculated by the frequency difference between the received reflected wave and the transmitted wave.

Generally speaking, the larger the frequency modulation range, the longer the measurement distance, the better the linearity and the higher the resolution.

Microwave refers to electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300MHz to 3x103GHz, and their corresponding wavelengths range from 0.1mm to 1m. This segment of the electromagnetic spectrum includes decimeter waves (frequency range 300MHz~3GHz), centimeter waves (frequency range 3~30GHz), millimeter waves (frequency range 30~300GHz) and submillimeter waves (frequency range (300MHz~3x103GHz) ) four bands.

The common radars on the market are 6GHz, 26GHz and 80GHz that appeared in the last two years. The wavelength of the 6GHz radar is 50mm, and the wavelength of the 26GHz radar is 11mm, both of which are centimeter wave radars. They belong to microwave radars that work in the centimeter wave band for detection. The wavelength of the 80GHz radar is 4mm, which belongs to the millimeter wave radar working in the millimeter wave band.

Comparison of different frequency radar level transmitters

The frequency of the guided wave radar level meter is generally 6.3GMHz and 8GMHz, which are centimeter wave radar waves.

In terms of operating principle, guided wave radar is very similar to conventional radar that propagates electromagnetic waves through space.

The basis of guided wave radar Level Transmitter is the principle of time domain reflection of electromagnetic waves.

Through this principle, buried cables and high cable breaks buried in walls can be found.

When measuring a broken end of a cable, the electromagnetic pulse signal sent by the TDR generator propagates along the cable, and when it encounters a broken end, a measurement reflected pulse will be generated.

At the same time, fundamental pulses are also caused by changes in the impedance of the total length of the preset cable in the receiver.

Compared with the basic pulse, the reflected pulse can accurately measure the position of the broken end.

Guided wave radar Level Transmitter Advantages:

  1. The ability to suppress steam and foam is strong, and the measurement will not be affected.
  2. High performance, high precision, high reliability, low maintenance and long service life.
  3. The porosity of solid materials is not affected by liquid density, temperature and dust.

Guided wave radar Level Transmitter Disadvantages:Guided wave radar Level Transmitter is a contact radar, and generally cannot be used in places with high hygiene requirements such as food, biology, and pharmaceuticals.

The frequency of the pulse radar Level Transmitter is generally 26GGMHz, which is a centimeter wave radar wave.

High-frequency pulse radar is used to modulate microwave source signals with narrow pulses. After reflection on the surface of the medium, pulse waves of fixed frequency (ie, carrier frequency) are emitted in the form of beams.

The time course of the pulse determines the distance from the transmitting antenna to the surface of the medium.

For ordinary pulse radar, the accuracy can generally reach ±3~±10mm;

For ordinary pulse radar, the range can generally reach 30M;

For ordinary pulse radar, physical properties such as volatilization and crystallization of the measurement medium may affect;

Advantages of Pulse Radar Level Transmitter:

  1. Integrated structure, non-contact horn.
  2. The measurement range is large and the measurement error is small.
  3. Advanced multi-functional software can eliminate the interference of agitators or other obstacles, and is not affected by temperature, dust, and steam.
  4. Wide range of applications, mostly used in oil storage tanks, asphalt storage tanks, petroleum liquefied gas, reactors, measuring the continuous liquid level of sewage tanks in petrochemical industry and blast furnace steel in steel industry, and measuring in the brewing process. Food industry, pharmaceuticals Liquid level measurement is also widely used in other fields.

Disadvantages of Pulse Radar Level Transmitter:

  1. Most economical pulse microwave level gauges use 55.8GHz or 6.3GHz with a large radiation angle (about 30°), and the container wall or internal components are prone to interference echoes.
    Although increasing the size of the horn antenna can slightly reduce the emission angle. However, due to the increased volume, it is inconvenient to use.
  2. When there is an agitator in the tank, when obstacles such as pipelines appear, these obstacles will also reflect electromagnetic wave signals, thus generating false liquid level signals.
  3. When the liquid level fluctuates and bubbles, the situation becomes more complicated. The signal scattering is separated from the transmission or absorbs most of the energy. This results in a weak or no signal returning to the radar Level Transmitter receiving antenna.

The frequency of continuous wave radar Level Transmitter is generally 80GMHz, 120GMHz, millimeter wave radar wave.

Frequency modulation continuous wave radar, the signal is sent from the antenna, and the echo is received by the antenna after being reflected by the measured medium.

The transmitted signal frequency is proportional to the difference in frequency received by the echo.

After FFT, the frequency difference is converted into a spectral difference, and then converted into a measurement distance.

The total range minus the measurement distance is the actual liquid level.

For FM CW radar, the accuracy can reach ±1mm.

For FM continuous wave radar, the maximum range can reach more than 1000M.

For frequency-modulated continuous wave radar, its beam angle is small, its energy is concentrated, and its permeability is strong. It is suitable for harsh conditions such as violent liquid level fluctuations and stirring.

Advantages of FM Radar Level Transmitter:

Due to the characteristics of the FM continuous radar itself, compared with the pulse radar, it has the advantages of small blind spots and low interference probability.

In addition, the radar of the system can perform speed measurement, distance measurement, angle measurement and other operations at the same time, and can obtain rich target positioning information.

It is worth noting that the frequency of the difference frequency output signal of the radar is low, which reduces the difficulty of hardware design for signal processing.

Frequency modulated continuous wave radar can be widely used in scenarios such as vehicle collision avoidance, liquid level measurement, assisted parking, and vital sign detection.

The successful development of radar is for the national economy. It plays a great role in promoting the development of national defense.

At present, the 1200 millimeter-wave radar Ghz frequency band is mainly used, which greatly reduces the antenna size and continuously improves the product integration.

Using 120GHz combined with a lens antenna, the beam angle of the radar can be narrowed to 4°. The internal measurement is close to the lidar, and the anti-interference performance is much better than that of the lidar.

Disadvantages of FM Radar Level Transmitter:

The manufacturing cost of radar Level Transmitter is relatively high.

The pulse/FM radar antenna is made of stainless steel and PTFE, and the maximum operating temperature of PTFE is 200° and the maximum pressure is 4MP. When the guided wave radar is composed of stainless steel and ceramics, the maximum operating temperature is 400° and the maximum pressure is 40MP.

The low-frequency radar level transmitter is still the first choice for the low-frequency radar level transmitter and cannot be completely replaced.

Extended Reading: Case: High Temperature Radar Level Transmitter for Melted Salt-Solar Photovoltaic Power Station

Effect of radar level transmitter frequency range on measurement

The radar level gauge emits electromagnetic waves through the antenna. The higher the frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the higher the energy of the electromagnetic wave. The shorter the wavelength, the more obvious the scattering phenomenon. Conversely, the lower the energy, the longer the wavelength, and the energy is not easily absorbed by the gas phase layer.

For the same size antenna, a liquid level sensor with a wavelength of 1.2 cm and a frequency of 26 GHZ has a gain of 6 times higher than that of a liquid level sensor with a wavelength of 3 cm and a frequency of 10 GHZ. (Remarks: Antenna gain is a parameter indicating the degree of radiation concentration of a directional antenna).

The overall beamwidth of a radar level gauge is inversely proportional to the frequency of the device. Therefore, for the same diameter antenna, if the frequency of the radar level gauge is increased, the beam width will be lower than that of the lower frequency equipment, and the narrow beam can minimize the influence of the nozzle, tank wall and interference.

At the same time, the measurement range of the radar level gauge is also affected by factors such as frequency, antenna size, dielectric constant of the liquid, and process conditions.

Featured Radar Level Transmitters

The difference in application of radar level transmitter frequency range

Dirty and polluted environment

With long-term use, dirt and pollutants accumulated on the antenna will affect the strength and direction of the radar signal. For high frequency signals, any dirt that covers the antenna will absorb more energy, and the direction of the beam may change. This results in a loss of signal strength. So, low-frequency and medium-frequency technologies are more suitable.

Storage tanks with condensate and/or steam

Condensation and steam can cause reflections on product surfaces to be masked by the “noise” of water droplets. This is more of a problem for high frequency signals. So mid and low frequency techniques are a better choice. Antennas with flat, horizontal surfaces should always be avoided for condensation.

High steam and agitation

Be sure to choose the 80G millimeter-wave radar level meter. The 80G radar level meter has a high transmission frequency and has good penetration and is not affected by steam. The 2° transmission angle can effectively avoid the interference of the stirring blade. The unique echo Tracking algorithm avoids reading multiple echoes when the material level is high.

Applications with turbulence, waves and ripples

Waves and ripples are often found on the surface of process liquids in large tanks. And this turbulence is especially detrimental to high-frequency measurements. Low and mid frequency level instruments emit longer wavelengths, making them perform better.

Foam application

Like dust and condensation, a layer of foam on top of the liquid can absorb the radar signal, making accurate measurements more difficult. Low frequencies work best with thick foams, such as beer, molasses, or latex. For lighter foam, the mids perform well. High frequency techniques should be avoided in foam applications.

Read more about: Stilling Wells for Radar Level Measurement

Bulk liquid storage tank

Many bulk storage tanks use floating roof tanks that require level measurement through stilling pipes. Low frequency radars are preferred for these applications as they are less sensitive to buildup on pipe walls. Except in not perfectly straight tanks and pipes. High frequency radars would have difficulty in this situation.

Small and medium container

These vessels are often up to 20 meters (m) high and often present challenging conditions. such as condensation, contamination, turbulence and foam. IF technology is a good choice in this tank because it combines small antennas with good reliability.

Small tank/bucket

In small tanks approximately 0.5 to 1.5 m high, the size and position of the nozzles may be restricted. Short measurement ranges and the need for small antennas mean that HF and MF technologies are attractive options for these applications.

Solid level

For measuring the level of solids, the optimum frequency depends on the application. Low and mid frequencies can handle dust, condensation and coarse solids. High frequency is suitable for fine powder.

Condensation is often challenging for high-frequency radars. But with solids another problem arises: Condensation combined with certain types of solids can lead to rapid buildup of material. This quickly clogs the small nozzle opening and covers the small antenna of the high frequency radar.

Read more: The Impact of Frequency in Non-Contacting Radar Level Measurement by Emerson

More Level Measurement Solutions

Radar level gauge is favored by the majority of users because of its unique advantages. Whether it is toxic medium, corrosive medium or solid medium, it can withstand various harsh measurement conditions and maintain stable and reliable work. Liquid is still dust. Slurry material medium, can achieve stable and accurate measurement.

About What Is Radar Level Transmitter Frequency Range? I hope that through this article, you can have a detailed understanding. Frequency band selection is an important consideration when deciding which non-contact radar device is the best choice for each different level measurement application.

The difference in the application of radar level transmitter frequency range is summed up after our many years of experience.

When measuring steam and foam, and condensate, choose low-frequency radar first.
In most other applications, high frequency radars are preferred for ease of installation. Lower frequencies reduce sensitivity to vapor, foam and antenna contamination.
Low frequency radars have a wider beam velocity angle to better deal with steam, dust, condensation, contamination and turbulent surfaces.
Higher frequencies minimize the effect on nozzles, tank walls and disturbances.

If you need to choose radar level transmitter, or still have doubt about radar level transmitter frequency range. Please feel free to contact our sales engineers.

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Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter Calibration and Troubleshooting

The guided wave radar level transmitter is suitable for small range storage tanks, complex tanks with geometric shapes and internal obstacles. Suitable for applications with steam, buildup, foaming, condensation.

After the microwave pulse is guided down the probe to reach the material, part of the signal is reflected back, and the material level is obtained by measuring the time difference between the signal transmission and reception.

In actual use, we may encounter some inaccurate measurements. Next, we introduce guided wave radar level transmitter calibration and troubleshooting. Hope it works for you.

Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter Calibration

  1. Through the HART handheld programmer. However, the HART handheld programmer has its adjustment range. It is not applicable to all products. The combined measurement range is the corresponding value of 4-20mA.
  2. Adjust the module by hand. Its function is equivalent to an analysis and processing instrument. The programmer consists of keys and an LCD display. Adjustment menus and parameter settings can be displayed.
  3. By debugging the software. The guided wave radar level transmitter can be debugged through software.
    The process is: mainly use HART software for debugging. A meter driver is required. Among them, when using software debugging, power up the radar instrument with 24VDC. At the same time, add a 250 ohm resistor to the front end of the HART adapter. If the instrument is powered by an integrated HART resistor, that is, the internal resistance is 250 ohms, no additional external resistance is required. At this time, the HART adapter can be connected in parallel with the 4–20mA line.

The above are relatively common debugging methods and means for guided wave radar level transmitters. You can correspond to your actual situation and judge the most suitable method for you to use. Do it last. Remember to be careful when choosing a method, otherwise errors are prone to occur.

Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter Troubleshooting

Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter has many advantages in the level meter field. It generally adopts an integrated design, no moving parts, no mechanical wear, and long service life. And it can be used for level measurement of almost all liquids. However, in the process of use, there will still be inaccurate measurements. What’s the matter?

  1. Probe scarring and frequent failures

Solution: The first solution is to increase the installation position of the Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter probe. However, if the installation condition is limited and cannot be increased, the method of interlocking the liquid level measurement value with the pump of the tank can be used to solve the problem. This problem. Reduce the maximum liquid level set value by about 0.5m. When the liquid level reaches the maximum value, you can stop or start the discharge pump.

  1. The effect of foam on measurement

Solution: Both dry foam and wet foam can reflect the radar wave of the Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter, which has no effect on the measurement. But neutral foam absorbs and diffuses radar waves. Reflections that seriously affect echoes or even no echoes.

Therefore, when the surface of the medium is dense and thick foam, the measurement error of the Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter will be large or impossible to measure. It is recommended to replace other suitable type of level meter.

Guided wave radar
  1. Antenna scarring

Solution: The hanging material with a small dielectric constant has no effect on the measurement in a dry state. However, the hanging material with a high dielectric constant will affect the measurement. Blowing with compressed air (or flushing with clean water) is recommended, and cooled compressed air can reduce the temperature of flanges and electrical components. Although alkaline scabs can also be cleaned with an acidic cleaning solution, level measurements cannot be taken during cleaning. More about Advantages of Coaxial Probes.

  1. Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter antenna flooded

Solution: Change Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter to waveguide measurement.

Install the Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter at the original opening, and the waveguide is about 0.2m higher than the exhaust pipe. In this way, even if there is a bad working condition where the slurry overflows from the exhaust pipe, the level meter antenna will not be damaged The slurry is submerged. And it will not cause the disturbance of the stirrer vortex and a large amount of steam from the probe, which reduces the damage to the probe.

In addition, due to the better focusing effect of the waveguide, the received radar wave signal will be stronger. Therefore, better measurement results can be obtained.

The above content is for reference only. Of course, there are other reasons for the inaccurate measurement of the Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter, which needs to be checked in combination with the actual situation.

Featured Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitters

More about Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter technology and application:

What is the difference between radar and guided wave radar level transmitter?

  1. Different ways of contact:
    Radar level gauges are non-contact. Guided wave level gauge is contact type. That is to say, the guided wave type cannot be used in occasions with high food grade requirements.
  2. Different working media:
    The guided wave radar level gauge also needs to consider the corrosiveness and adhesion of the medium. Moreover, the installation and maintenance of guided wave radars that are too long are more difficult.
    In the case of low permittivity, the measuring principle of radar or guided wave radar is based on the difference in permittivity. Since the waves emitted by ordinary radar are divergent, when the dielectric constant is too low, the signal is too weak to measure stably. Guided wave radar waves propagate along the probe, and the signal is relatively stable.
  3. Different types of selection:
    Ordinary radar can be used interchangeably. Guided wave radar cannot be used interchangeably because the probe (cable) has a fixed length according to the original working conditions. The selection of guided wave radar is more troublesome than ordinary radar.
  4. Different ranging:
    Ordinary radar is mostly used on 30 and 40m tanks, and can even measure to 150m. Guided wave radar also needs to consider the force of the probe (cable). It is precisely because of the force that the measurement distance of guided wave radar is generally not very long.
    However, guided wave radar has obvious advantages in special working conditions such as stirring in the tank and large fluctuations in the medium. The measured value of the guided wave radar fixed at the bottom of this working condition is more stable than that of the flexible radar. And small tanks. For liquid level measurement, due to the small installation and measurement space (or a lot of interference in the tank), general radar is not applicable, and the advantages of guided wave radar are reflected at this time.

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Guided wave radar level transmitter uses guided wave radar (GWR) technology. Based on the reflection of microwave on the surface medium. Through the probe, continuous level measurement of liquid and solid levels is completed.

Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter has an absolute advantage in solid working conditions. for example:

  1. If there is stirring in the tank and the medium fluctuates greatly, the measured value of the guided wave radar fixed at the bottom is more stable than that of ordinary radar;
  2. Level measurement in small tanks.
  3. Working conditions with low dielectric constant.
  4. The general guided wave radar also has a bottom detection function, which can be corrected according to the measured value of the bottom echo signal to make the signal more stable and accurate.

Sino-Inst offers over 10 GWR Corrosive Liquid Chemical Level Sensors for level measurement. About 50% of these are Guided Radar level meters, 40% is the tank level sensor.

A wide variety of GWR Corrosive Liquid Chemical Level Sensors options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples.

Sino-Inst is a globally recognized supplier and manufacturer of Guided Wave radar level measurement instrumentation, located in China.

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Silo Radar Level Measurement | Why Do We Prefer Radar?

Silo Radar Level Measurement refers to the use of high-frequency radar level meters for continuous level measurement of solids or powders. High frequency radar level meter is currently the mainstream product for measuring solid level in the world. It can measure cement silo, grain silo/bin, truck loading, raw coal, ore, high-density polyethylene powder silo, etc.

Next, let’s analyze why we prefer to choose radar level meters to measure silo levels.

Difficulties in Measuring Powder and Granular Silos

Measurement difficulty 1:

The silo is slender and the space is narrow. The measurement signal is easy to hit the silo wall.

If there are obstacles such as ring beams on the warehouse wall, or material hangs on the warehouse wall due to the humidity of the material. False signals will be generated, which will seriously affect the measurement.

At the same time, due to the narrow space, the measurement signal cannot avoid the material flow. Which will also cause a significant attenuation of the signal.

Measurement difficulty 2:

The dust is large. It will cause great loss to the signal.

As a result, the material level signal is greatly reduced, and even no signal can be recovered.

Measurement difficulty 3:

Adhesion to meter antenna.

For wet materials, the powder is easy to form serious adhesion on the antenna of the radar level gauge;

For dry materials, due to the collision and friction between the particles, the powder is prone to static electricity. This will accelerate the adsorption of the powder on the antenna. And will also cause serious adhesion problems.

Measurement difficulty 4:

The general powder dielectric constant is very low.

For example, fly ash, lime powder, and pulverized coal in power plants. Plastic powder, plastic granules, and catalyst particles in petrochemical plants. In addition, there are alumina powder, silica powder, cement, wood chips, etc. The dielectric constant is very low. For radar As far as the instrument is concerned, it will cause the instability of the material level signal. Even the material level signal cannot be received.

At present, the detection method of silo material level mainly relies on ultrasonic level gauge, radar level gauge, laser range finder and so on.
Some detection methods can only be used as an alarm signal. That is, the material is lower than the material level to replenish the material in time, and the material level is higher than the material level to stop filling.
Some methods are limited by technical principles and have strict requirements on installation conditions.
Some methods are limited by measuring height, making them expensive.

So, why is the radar level meter so popular?

The measurement principle of the radar level gauge is based on the time travel principle. It works in the way of transmitting-reflecting-receiving.

The transmitter emits a high-frequency pulse that travels along the detection assembly (steel cable or rod). When the pulse encounters the surface of the material, it is reflected back and received by the receiver in the meter.

The distance is calculated according to the proportional relationship between distance and pulse time formation. And convert the distance signal into a material level signal through electronic components.

More about: Radar Level Measurement: Measuring Principle

According to the microwave waveform division, non-contact Radar level meter is divided into pulse Radar level meter and FM continuous wave Radar level meter.

Divided according to the working method, Radar level meter is divided into contact Radar level meter and non-contact Radar level meter.

At present, Radar level meter is used in many industries such as electric power, steel, metallurgy, cement, paper making, food, petrochemical and so on. It is used to measure the level of liquid, slurry and granular materials in various metal and non-metal containers or pipelines.

The Radar level meter can still work reliably even in the occasions and complex working conditions with a lot of dust, temperature and pressure, and the presence of inert gas and steam.

Because the Radar level meter is very convenient for on-site staff to observe. It can monitor the use of materials in the designated storage tank in real time. Therefore, it is often used in the processing of industrial production.

Advantages of radar level meter

(1) The radar level gauge has very strong penetrating power and is hardly affected by the measurement medium. The radar level gauge can penetrate surface impurities such as dust, steam, foam, and attachments directly to the surface of the measurement medium. Not affected by any measuring medium. And it is not affected by the shape of the tank. Whether it is spherical, cylindrical, horizontal, etc., liquid level measurement can be performed.

(2) High precision and small blind area. The measurement accuracy of the radar level gauge can reach ±1mm.

(3) The smaller the beam angle, the more focused the radar signal. Suitable for measurement in various spaces. The extremely small beam angle can successfully avoid various obstacles and achieve accurate measurement.

(4) The measurement range is larger. Up to 100m+. And it will hardly weaken the signal with the increase of the range.

(5) The maintenance is simple and almost no maintenance is required. The radar level gauge has fault alarm and self-diagnosis functions. It is possible to perform fault analysis based on the error code of the display module. Timely troubleshooting, maintenance and correction is more convenient and accurate.

Disadvantages of radar level meter

(1) Radar level gauges usually need to be connected to electricity;
(2) Radar level gauges are generally more expensive than other level gauges;
(3) The installation method is limited to top installation.

Read More about: List of Differences: Radar vs Ultrasonic Level Measurement

Extended Reading: Case: High Temperature Radar Level Transmitter for Melted Salt-Solar Photovoltaic Power Station

Silo Radar Level Measurement-Cement

Material level is one of the main measurement parameters of cement production enterprises. Compared with other production enterprises, cement enterprises measure less liquid level. It is mainly the measurement of the height of solid matter in the production process.

Solid materials are lumpy, granular, and powdery. These materials also vary in dielectric constant, bulk density, temperature range, and moisture content.

The main raw materials for cement production are: limestone, clay (shale, sandstone), iron powder (iron ore, iron slag), coal gangue, industrial waste residue, raw coal, gypsum, slag, fly ash.

The above raw materials enter their respective silos after drying and crushing. At this time, high-frequency Radar Level Meters can be used to monitor the material level.

Contact level measurement is the main measurement method of cement production enterprises in the past. Such as capacitive type, weight level gauge, tuning fork, and other measurement methods. During the contact process of measuring things, measuring instruments and materials, they often face a large number of Routine maintenance. Such as the problem of capacitor material hooking.

By the end of the 20th century, the cement industry started using non-contact level measurement.

The following points should be paid special attention to when cement production enterprises choose Radar Level Meters:

  1. Pulse and FMCW radar

Generally divided into two categories: pulsed (impulse) radars and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars are used to measure radar levels with level gauges.

Large measurement range and high reliability due to radar transmission power. This is the reason why Radar Level Meters are widely used in the cement industry recently.

  1. Selection of granular materials

The raw materials of cement are mostly in granular matter, and some are block materials. Such as limestone, coal, oil shale. It is recommended to use non-contact Radar Level Meters, horn antenna Radar Level Meters.

  1. Selection of powdery materials

The materials in the cement and cement grinding warehouses are the cement raw materials. The powder of these materials is difficult to predict the substance level. The surface of the powder is very loose, which is very difficult for microwave reflection. It is recommended to use contact Radar Level Meters, or non-contact radar level gauges with horn antennas. This is a typical radar application in China.

  1. Cable

Most of the current Radar Level Meters are integrated and powered by wires. It can be directly connected to the control system module and output 4~20mA analog signals. It can save a lot of cables. It also provides a variety of HART digital signals. Protocol and fieldbus digital communication .The connection of the computer monitoring system is very convenient.

It should be noted that guided wave radar should be used with caution in powder measurement in cement plants. This is because most cement plant drying equipment is not ideal. There is often moisture or even steam. Once condensation will cause various powders to condense on the Caused a fault on the waveguide cable.

In addition, depending on the range, for powdery materials such as fly ash, slag powder, cement products, etc., parabolic antenna radar can also be used.

The level measurement of cement plays a very important role in the automation system of the cement production line. The application of Radar Level Meters can relieve the variety, accuracy, standard substance, pressure, high temperature, explosion. It greatly facilitates the cement production enterprises in the level parameters Accurate measurement on the surface. The existing Radar Level Meters technical level and on-site use are sufficient to meet the requirements of detection and control.

Silo Radar Level Measurement – Grain Silo

There are many kinds of media in the granary, and rice is a kind of grain. Then it is ok to want to use Radar Level Meters to measure the rice in the granary. Radar Level Meters can not only measure the rice in the granary, but also measure various media in the coal bunker.

Radar Level Meters can choose the conventional 26GHz/80GHz planar radar level meter to measure the rice in the granary. The measurement range selected by the selection is a distance of 70m. Debugging mode is with LCD display type. The power supply is 24V. Output signal selection 4-20mA. Can also bring HART protocol.

Silo Radar Level Measurement-Raw Coal

The fuel bunker is usually a raw coal bunker or a pulverized coal bunker, and the medium of the raw coal bunker is raw coal with larger particles and less dust than the pulverized coal bunker. Radar Level Meters are suitable for this situation.

The pulverized coal particles in the pulverized coal bin are small and have a lot of dust. If the proportion of pulverized coal exceeds 70%. In addition, the measurement environment of pulverized coal material level is harsh and the coal quality is unstable. Due to the influence of factors such as the position of the material port, it is more appropriate to use a radar level gauge with stronger anti-interference ability.

The common forms of Radar Level Meters are bell mouth type, parabolic type and rod type. The difference in structure is mainly due to the difference in transmission frequency, beam angle and measurement range. The measurement distance of the fuel tank is not very long, so the commonly used bell mouth radar level gauge is the best choice.

Because of the high reliability, stability and accuracy of Radar Level Meters, it is widely used in fuel tank level measurement. However, in order to obtain accurate material level measurement values, special attention should be paid to the installation of Radar Level Meters to avoid radar echoes being interfered by interference sources.

Here are a few installation tips for Radar Level Meters to measure fuel tanks:
The selection of the installation position needs to be based on the form of the fuel tank, and the top-mounted form is adopted;
In addition, keep a certain distance from the wall of the fuel tank to reduce the reflection and interference of the tank wall;
It is also necessary to keep a certain distance from the discharge port of the fuel bin to reduce the interference of fuel and dust at the discharge port.

Silo Radar Level Measurement-HDPE Pellet Silo

The high-density polyethylene powder silo has a slender body, large dust, and low dielectric constant of the medium; it poses a great challenge to the level measurement.

Aiming at the characteristics and complexity of large powder silo measurement, Sino-Inst’s radar level gauge has a range of up to 120m. Due to its high focus, strong signal, high dust resistance and other characteristics. It can well solve the above measurement difficulties and achieve stable and accurate measurement.

Featured Radar level meters for Silo

SI-FMF21 FMCW Radar Silo Level Sensor
  • Measuring medium: solid
  • Measuring range: 0.3m~150m
  • Process connection: flange≥DN80
  • Process temperature: -40~110℃
  • Process pressure: -0.1~0.3MPa
  • Antenna size: 78mm lens antenna + purging (or without purging)
  • Antenna material: PTFE
Alternative to VEGAPULS 64-80GHz FMCW Level Radar
  • FMCW radar operating at 76-81 GHz;
  • Maximum measuring range of 120m and a minimum blind zone of 8cm;
  • 3°antenna beam angle;
  • Suitable for small water tanks or small process accessories in narrow spaces.
  • Good signal focusing ability can be used for containers with many internal installations.
  • Measurement accuracy:±1mm
  • Installation method: Thread or flange, clamps are optional.
  • Anti-dust, anti-steam condensation
SIRD-903 26 GHz Radar level Sensor -Dust solid level measurement
  • Application: solid materials, strong dust, easy to crystallize, condensation occasions
  • Measuring range: 70 meters
  • Process connection: universal flange
  • Process temperature: -40~130℃ (standard type) / -40~250℃ (high temperature type)
  • Process pressure: -0.1~4.0 MPa (flat flange) -0.1~0.3 MPa (universal flange)
  • Accuracy: ±15mm
  • Protection level: IP67
SIRD-804 Radar Solid Level Sensor
  • Applicable medium: solid particles or blocks, not suitable for solid powder
  • Application: Lime block measurement; raw coal measurement
  • Explosion-proof certification: Exia IIC T6 Ga/ Exd IIC T6 Gb
  • Measuring range: 35m
  • Antenna: Horn antenna
  • Frequency: 6 GHz
  • Process temperature: -40~130℃(standard type)/-40~250℃(high temperature type)

More Featured Soli Level Measurement Solutions

The powder silo is an application that is difficult to use continuous level measurement in solid level measurement. Especially for large, slender powder silos. Greater challenges are posed to measuring instruments.

Currently on the market, there are mainly capacitance, ultrasonic level gauges, guided wave radar level gauges and high-frequency radar level gauges that can be used to measure powder silos.

Each measurement method has its own advantages and disadvantages. But all in all, Silo Radar Level Measurement is the most successful and widely used.

Especially high-frequency radar level gauges with small emission angles. Thanks to the rapid development of high-frequency radar technology.

It has continuously overcome insurmountable obstacles such as large range, narrow space, high dust, and low dielectric constant in the past. It has achieved great success in the continuous level measurement application of Silo Radar Level Measurement.

If you have any questions about Silo Radar Level Measurement, . Or you need Silo Radar Level Measurement technical support, please feel free to contact our sales engineers.

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Measuring Oilfield Wastewater with Electromagnetic Flowmeter

Oilfield wastewater, the water that is extracted from oil wells along with crude oil. Usually contains oil, salt, mechanical impurities, dissolved oxygen and saprophytic bacteria. Pollution to the oil field and the surrounding environment. After treatment, it can be reinjected back into the oil layer to be used as an oil displacement agent. Most of the time, electromagnetic flowmeters are used to measure oilfield wastewater.

Difficulties in Oilfield Wastewater Measurement

With the growth of oil demand and the improvement of oil extraction technology, the amount of oil extraction wastewater treatment is increasing day by day. Effective control of oil production wastewater pollution and the utilization of wastewater resources have become key issues facing oilfield development.

The first thing to do in wastewater treatment is to accurately measure the oil production wastewater. Only by accurately measuring the amount of wastewater can scientific and reasonable wastewater treatment and wastewater scheduling be carried out. After the wastewater is treated up to the standard, most of it will be used as mining injection water and re-injected into the formation.

Turbine flowmeters used in some early Oilfield Wastewater. The error between the instrument measurement data and the measurement tank data reaches more than 20%, which causes a great waste of on-site resources.

  1. Oil production wastewater carries a large amount of suspended solids. The inner blades of the turbine flowmeter are easy to be jammed and damaged, and need to be dismantled and maintained regularly;
  2. Turbine flowmeters used in different pipelines and process links are not universal. On-site instrument maintenance is difficult;
  3. The flow rate of the 2-inch pipe is less than 70 cubic meters per day. The micro-flow turbine flowmeter cannot measure accurately;
  4. The lower end of the coupling device is easy to accumulate impurities, which makes the measurement accuracy low. The tiny traffic of some sites cannot even be measured;
  5. Oil production wastewater has a high temperature and contains different salts and other impurities. It is easy to corrode the turbine flowmeter.

Oilfield wastewater classification

Before sewage treatment, it is particularly important to determine its composition. The sewage on the oil field is divided into general sewage and drilling sewage:

  1. General waste water

The main components are water, secondary clay minerals, mercaptan (RSH), sulfide (RSR), disulfide (RSSR) and other components condensed together by various substances.

For the composition of general sewage, because it contains more impurity particles, and the water is more acidic or alkaline. Therefore, the selected electromagnetic flowmeter can be measured with rubber or PTFE lining, and used with stainless steel electrodes.

  1. Drilling sewage

The main components are drilling fluid, flushing fluid, etc. Its main pollutants include drilling cuttings, petroleum, viscosity control agents (such as clay), weighting agents, clay stabilizers, corrosion agents, preservatives, fungicides, lubricants, formation affinity agents, defoamers, etc. Drilling sewage also contains heavy metals and so on.

Drilling sewage contains more chemical synthetic agents, complex components, strong acidity and alkalinity and corrosiveness. It also contains some heavy metal ions. In order to ensure good detection and stability of the flowmeter, it is usually necessary to choose a polyurethane or polyperfluorinated lining for measurement. At the same time, tantalum electrodes or Ha C electrodes are used.

Application of Electromagnetic Flowmeter in Oilfield Wastewater and Oilfield

The advantages and working principles of electromagnetic flowmeters have been mentioned in many pages. I won’t repeat it here.

Electromagnetic flowmeters play an important role in water irrigation, polymer injection and sewage metering in oil fields.

The use of electromagnetic flowmeters in the measurement of oilfield wastewater has the following advantages.

①The structure of the sensor is simple and reliable. The diameter is the same as that of the front and rear straight pipe sections. And there are no moving parts in the flow channel. There are no parts to block the flow of the measured liquid and save equipment. There will be no jamming or jamming;

② The measured medium flows through the measuring tube. There is almost no loss of pressure, which can significantly reduce the consumption of the driving force of the pump;

③ The output current and frequency of the electromagnetic flowmeter have a linear relationship with the measured flow. It is not affected by the measured medium (temperature, pressure, viscosity). Therefore, the electromagnetic flowmeter can be used to measure crude oil with sandy content or high water content only after being calibrated with water without modification;

④ Electromagnetic flowmeter has no mechanical inertia and quick response. Instantaneous pulsating flow can be measured. It is convenient for the monitoring of the production site.

Selection of Electromagnetic Flowmeter for Measuring Oilfield Wastewater

It is very important to choose the type of instrument including the magnetic flowmeter. Some failures of instruments in practical applications are caused by wrong selection or improper use. Therefore, after selecting an electromagnetic flowmeter, the following factors should be considered:

  1. Aperture Selection

According to the process pipe diameter, pipe pressure and sewage flow provided by the sewage treatment plant. Choose an electromagnetic flowmeter with an appropriate diameter, and there is no need for pipe shrinkage and expansion at the installation site.

  1. Selection of Liner and Electrode Materials

Electromagnetic flowmeters are mainly used to measure fluid flow with a conductivity greater than or equal to 5 pressure S/cm. Different lining and electrode materials should be selected according to the corrosiveness, wear, temperature and condensation characteristics of the tested material and its bearing capacity.

  1. Select the protection level

According to national standards, the sensor has two levels of protection: IP65 water jet type and IP68 submersible type. According to the actual installation position of the user in the low well, the sensor adopts IP68 dustproof submersible type.

  1. Select other functions

(1) For the selected basic type, the electromagnetic flowmeter has LCD display, 4-20ma current output and 0-1khz frequency output. The function of the Rs-485 communication port should be added according to the communication requirements of the flowmeter and the computer.

(2) For sensors installed underground, split type should be selected.

Featured Magnetic Flow Meters

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The flow of Oilfield Wastewater varies greatly, contains impurities, and is less corrosive, regardless of general sewage or drilling sewage. It contains many ions and has high conductivity. Combined with the unique characteristics of not being disturbed by external factors such as temperature, pressure and viscosity. Electromagnetic flowmeter is undoubtedly the most suitable choice for oil field sewage flow measurement.

In addition, in the sewage treatment process, large-diameter flowmeters are mostly split. One part is installed underground and the other part is installed on the ground. The small caliber is mainly integrated. In the water supply and drainage and sewage treatment industries, electromagnetic flowmeters, especially large-caliber electromagnetic flowmeters, have great advantages.

If you encounter a situation where the electromagnetic flowmeter is not applicable for Oilfield Wastewater. I think the target flow meter is a good choice. It is accurate in measurement, and the measurement structure is not affected by the physical characteristics of the medium temperature, pressure, conductivity, and the amount of impurities that are easily contained. The operation is stable and reliable, and it is resistant to high temperature, shock and wear. Long service life, easy to install and use.

If you need to Measura Oilfield Wastewater with Electromagnetic Flowmeter, or have any technical questions about Oilfield Wastewater, please feel free to contact our engineers.

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Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor-Low Cost-High Performance

The Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor is characterized by its small size, the shortest can be 5CM. In some occasions where the installation location is small, it has an irreplaceable volume advantage.
Small Pressure Transducer is that the pressure of the measured medium acts directly on the diaphragm of the sensor (stainless steel or ceramics). Make the diaphragm produce a micro-displacement proportional to the medium pressure. The resistance value of the sensor is changed, and the change is detected by the electronic circuit. And convert and output a standard measurement signal corresponding to this pressure.
The interface, casing and electrical interface of the transmitter can be adapted according to the requirements of the user’s industry.

Featured Small Pressure Transducers/Sensors for Sale

How small can a pressure sensor be?

The Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor is characterized by its small size, the shortest can be 5CM. The interface, casing and electrical interface of the transmitter can be adapted according to the requirements of the user’s industry. The size of Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor also supports customization.

For example, the following product dimensions:

Miniature Pressure Sensor/Transducer

SI-51 Miniature Pressure Sensor/Transducer

Miniature Pressure Sensor is also called Miniature Pressure Transducer. The miniature pressure sensor is a miniature solid-state silicon force sensor integrated with MEMS technology. One-piece miniature stainless steel package. Make it have excellent dynamic performance. Small size, streamlined, strong, compact shape structure.

  • Product size Φ3, Φ5, M6, M8, M10. Can be specially designed according to specific working conditions;
  • Small size, streamlined appearance;
  • split structure. Optional standard voltage, current, digital signal output. Meet the requirements of various working conditions;
  • High dynamic frequency response, steep rising edge;
  • Wide measuring range. Any range between -100Kpa~0-10KPa…60MPa;

Frequently
Asked
Questions

Low-pressure pressure transmitter is the application of conventional pressure sensor technology extended to the field of ultra-low pressure. While maintaining the original high performance, the pressure range can be as low as 0-5KPa. The advanced design makes this ultra-low pressure transmitter have the characteristics of fast response and good long-term stability.

The pressure transducer is used to measure various pressures.

The basic structure of its measurement part can be regarded as a space divided into two parts by the sensor. Including the case where one space is the entire universe.

When the pressures of these two parts are not equal, the force acting on the sensor causes the sensor to generate displacement or displacement tendency (force), and the pressure can be measured by detecting the displacement or displacement tendency.

Common sensors include diaphragms, spring tubes, and bellows, among which diaphragms are most widely used in transmitters.

Note that the pressure transmitter needs to be calibrated after a period of use. In order to ensure the accuracy of the quantity.

There are many types of pressure sensors. Such as resistance strain gauge pressure sensors, semiconductor strain gauge pressure sensors, piezoresistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, resonant pressure sensors, etc.

Extended reading: wireless pressure transmitter working principle

Currently, the most widely used pressure sensors include:

  • Diffused silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor,
  • Ceramic piezoresistive pressure sensor,
  • Sputtering thin film pressure sensor,
  • Capacitive pressure sensor,
  • Sapphire pressure sensor with high temperature resistance.
  • But the most widely used is the piezoresistive pressure sensor, which has a very low price, high accuracy and good linearity.

Extended Reading: Electronic Pressure Switch for Air Compressor

What’s the Difference Between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch? Simply put, the Pressure Transducer is a signal conversion and transmission device, and the pressure switch is a control switch device. This is the difference between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch. Let’s look at their differences in detail. And learn how to choose a pressure transmitter and pressure switch.

Read more about: What Is 0-10V Signal Output?

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Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor-Low Cost-High Performance

Sino-Inst is a manufacturer of Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor. Small Pressure Transducers/Sensors have a lower cost than other industrial pressure transmitters. At the same time, Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor can customize high-performance parameters. Such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-high pressure, or micro-scale. Or special anti-corrosion materials, etc.

Sino-Inst is a manufacturer that produces and sells various types of automatic measurement and control instruments. The main products are: hydraulic pressure sensor, liquid level/water level sensor, Miniature Pressure Sensor/Transducer, micro pressure/negative pressure/vacuum pressure sensor, temperature transmitter, load cell and other pressure, differential pressure, liquid level, temperature , weighing sensors and various special pressure sensors and intelligent control systems.

If you need to purchase a Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor, or have any technical questions about Small Pressure Transducer/Sensor, please feel free to contact our engineers.

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What’s the Difference Between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch?

What’s the Difference Between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch? Simply put, the Pressure Transducer is a signal conversion and transmission device, and the pressure switch is a control switch device. This is the difference between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch. Let’s look at their differences in detail. And learn how to choose a pressure transmitter and pressure switch.

Difference Between a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch

The Pressure Transducer uses the output as a standard signal, and is composed of a pressure-sensitive element and a conversion circuit. Using the pressure of the measured medium to produce a small change of current or voltage output on the pressure sensitive element.

The transmitter often needs to be used in conjunction with an external amplifier circuit to complete the process from pressure detection to control and display. Since the pressure sensor is a primary component, the signal fed back by the pressure sensor needs to be processed, analyzed, stored, and controlled by the measurement and control system. Make industrial automation equipment and engineering operation control more intelligent.

The pressure switch is a simple control device. When the measured pressure reaches the set value, it will automatically send out an alarm or control the function of turning on or off.

The pressure switch needs to be opened or closed under the set pressure. It can be used for simple control, and the output is the switch value.

The output of the pressure transmitter can be an analog signal or a digital signal. The post-processing is convenient, and it can also be converted into a standard transmitter signal for remote transmission.

Extended reading: NB-IoT Wireless Pressure Transmitter Networking Solution

If you want to know more about pressure sensors, you can consult Sino-Inst, thank you!

What is Pressure Switch?

A pressure switch is a mechanical switch that is activated by pressure to a set point. The switch is used to control a circuit by turning it on and off. Here the pressure point at which the switch is triggered is called the set point. The pressure threshold at which the switch is disabled is called the cut-off point. With enough force, the contacts can open or close the switch depending on their configuration.

This is a device that activates an electrical contact when a fixed fluid pressure is reached. Typically, this switch has two functions. The main function is to maintain the pressure or reservoir level of the system. The secondary function is to prevent equipment from operating at a lower efficiency or from being harmed. Its notation is as follows:

Structure of the pressure switch

The structure of the pressure switch mainly includes five parts. These are diaphragm, adjustment spring, lever, electrical contacts and terminals.

The diaphragm in this switch acts like a sensing element and is therefore used to detect pressure. This element is usually made of a pressure-sensitive, flexible material.

Adjusting the spring will change the set point or cut point, some switches have separate springs that control the set point and cut point.

The AUTO/OFF lever is used to manually activate or deactivate the switch, this lever is very helpful to turn off the switch throughout the installation or maintenance process. Sometimes, a knob is used instead of a lever, but the principle works the same.

The electrical contacts allow current to flow through them once they are contacted by an external power source.
The terminals of the switch are used to connect an external power source to the contacts.

A pressure switch works by operating an electrical contact once a fixed fluid pressure is reached. The switch will make electrical contact when the pressure increases or the pressure decreases from a fixed preset pressure level.

Type of pressure switch

There are two types of pressure switches on the market today, mechanical and electronic.

Mechanical pressure switches are the most widely used due to their lower cost and ease of use compared to electronic pressure switches. These switches can be equipped with a mechanical pressure sensing element that deforms in response to fluid pressure. The different types of mechanical pressure switches are discussed below.

  1. Piston pressure switch
    This type of switch is the most popular and is widely used in different applications. Once the pressure of the fluid changes, it moves the piston axially, which triggers the switch. The switch can directly or indirectly detect the pressure of the liquid. Therefore, direct inspection mainly involves seals like O-rings. to prevent liquids from entering the components. Whereas indirect detection mainly involves a flexible diaphragm that separates the piston from the fluid.
  2. Diaphragm pressure switch
    This is a high quality switch primarily developed for safety critical applications. The main benefit of diaphragm pressure switches is that no voltage supply is required for the switching process. The switch consists of a metal membrane that is directly connected to the soaker portion of the switch and the diaphragm that activates the switch. The switch is used for monitoring process pressure and control in different industries such as chemical, petrochemical, natural gas, oil etc.
  3. Bourdon tube pressure switch
    This is an elastomer or flexible metal tube that attaches to one end of the switch while leaving the other end free to move. Once the pressure of the liquid in the tube rises, it tends to level, and this movement is then used primarily to activate the switch. These switches are suitable for different applications such as chemical, general power stations and petrochemical as long as the operating force is medium to high.
  4. Differential pressure switch
    This switch is useful when evaluating the force between two points within a system simply connected to two process ports on the upper or lower part of the device. If the pressure difference between the two sides increases by a certain threshold, the switch can be triggered. These switches are suitable for monitoring pressure drops in screens, filters and tank levels.
  5. Electronic pressure switch.
    It can be used with pressure sensors such as strain gauges. These types of switches have analog capabilities, so they are not limited to an on or off position. Continuous and variable signals can also be transmitted for more precise monitoring. Therefore, these are not only switches, but also measuring instruments or transmitters. Some additional features of these electronic switches are field programmability of switching functions, time delays, hysteresis, set points, etc.

What is Pressure Transducer?

A pressure transducer is a device that converts pressure into a pneumatic signal or an electric signal for control and remote transmission.

It can convert the physical pressure parameters such as gas and liquid felt by the load cell sensor into a standard electrical signal (such as 4~20mADC, etc.). It can be used to supply secondary instruments such as indicating alarms, recorders, and regulators for measurement and indication, and process regulation.

Working Principle of Pressure Transducer

Pressure Transducer Electrical components that feel pressure are generally resistance strain gauges. The resistance strain gauge is a sensitive device that converts the pressure on the device under test into an electrical signal. The most widely used strain gauges are metal resistance strain gauges and semiconductor strain gauges.

There are two types of metal resistance strain gauges: wire strain gauges and metal foil strain gauges. Usually, the strain gauges are tightly bonded to the mechanical strain-generating substrate through a special adhesive. When the stress of the substrate changes, the resistance strain gauge also deforms together. Change the resistance value of the strain gauge, so that the voltage applied to the resistance changes.

Read more about: The Difference Between Absolute And Gauge Pressure

Types of Pressure Transducers

The types of pressure transmitters are roughly as follows: resistance strain gauge pressure transmitters, semiconductor strain gauge pressure transmitters, piezoresistive pressure transmitters, inductive pressure transmitters, capacitive pressure transmitters, Resonant pressure transmitter and capacitive acceleration sensor, etc.

Piezoresistive pressure transmitter

The resistance strain gauge is a sensitive device that converts the strain change on the tested object into an electrical signal. It is one of the main components of piezoresistive strain transmitters. There are two kinds of resistance strain gauges, metal resistance strain gauges and semiconductor strain gauges.

Usually, the strain gauges are tightly bonded to the substrate that generates mechanical strain through a special adhesive. When the stress of the substrate changes, the resistance strain gauge also deforms together. Change the resistance of the strain gauge. This changes the voltage across the resistor.

Ceramic pressure transmitter

Principle Corrosion-resistant pressure transmitters have no liquid transfer, and the pressure acts directly on the front surface of the ceramic diaphragm. To make the diaphragm slightly deformed, thick film resistors are printed on the back of the ceramic diaphragm and connected to form a Wheatstone bridge.

Due to the piezoresistive effect of the varistor, the bridge produces a highly linear voltage signal proportional to the pressure and proportional to the excitation voltage. The standard signal is calibrated as 2.0 / 3.0 / 3.3 mV/V according to different pressure ranges. Compatible with strain gauge sensors.

Through laser calibration, the sensor has high temperature stability and time stability. The sensor comes with a temperature compensation of 0-70°C, and can be in direct contact with most media. ,

Diffused silicon pressure transmitter

The pressure of the measured medium acts directly on the diaphragm of the sensor, causing the diaphragm to produce a micro-displacement proportional to the pressure of the medium. The resistance value of the sensor is changed, and the change is detected by the electronic circuit. And convert and output a standard measurement signal corresponding to this pressure.

Piezoelectric Pressure Transmitters

The piezoelectric materials mainly used in piezoelectric sensors include quartz, potassium sodium tartrate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Among them, quartz is a natural crystal in which the piezoelectric effect is found. Within a certain temperature range, the piezoelectric properties always exist, but when the temperature exceeds this range, the piezoelectric properties disappear.

Capacitive pressure transmitter

Ceramic capacitive sensors are available for measurements in normal or aggressive media. Materials such as gas, gas or liquid, but not prone to precipitation, crystallization or stiffening are recommended. Applied to tank liquid level measurement, sea water, water on board, diesel oil, waste oil.

Selection of pressure switch and pressure transmitter

Both pressure switches and pressure transmitters are intelligent digital display pressure measurement products integrating pressure measurement, display, output and control. When choosing, you only need to remember the following 6 points to know what kind of pressure switch and pressure transmitter to use.

According to the characteristics of pressure switch and pressure transmitter, you can start from the following data that need to be measured:

  1. The measured medium and the actual condition of the medium
  2. The measured pressure range
  3. Required measuring range
  4. The temperature of the working conditions on site
  5. The connection method used in conjunction with the working conditions
  6. Installation location

According to the above 6 points of data and requirements, you can know what kind of pressure switch or pressure transmitter is needed. In addition, pressure switches and pressure transmitters are all non-standard customized products. It can be used according to the site Working conditions to decide.

More Featured Pressure Measurement Solutions

Sino-Inst is a manufacturer of Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch. We produce and sell all kinds of automatic measurement and control instruments and meters. The main products are: hydraulic pressure sensor, liquid level/water level sensor, Miniature Pressure Sensor/Transducer, micro pressure/negative pressure/vacuum pressure sensor, temperature transmitter, load cell and other pressure, differential pressure, liquid level, temperature , weighing sensors and various special pressure sensors and intelligent control systems.

Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch are commonly used instruments in industrial production process. The pressure switch turns the switch on or off at your given pressure. The output of the pressure sensor can be an analog signal or a digital signal, which is convenient for subsequent processing, and can also be converted into a standard transmitter signal for remote transmission.

If you need to purchase a Pressure Transducer and a Pressure Switch, or have any technical questions about Pressure Sensor/Transducer, please feel free to contact our engineers.

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